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While solar energy is celebrated as a cornerstone of clean power, the disposal of decommissioned solar panels is emerging as a significant environmental challenge. Recognising the potential health and ecological risks, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has released a comprehensive 13-point mandate for the safe handling and disposal of solar waste.

The Growing Scale Of Solar Waste

The rapid global shift toward renewable energy to combat climate change has led to an explosion in solar power production. However, this growth has a byproduct, a massive accumulation of solar scrap.

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Current Status: By 2023, India had already generated over one lakh tonnes of solar waste.

Projections: Estimates suggest this figure could skyrocket to six lakh tonnes by 2030, particularly in regions like Delhi-NCR where adoption rates are high.

Why Solar Panel Waste Is Hazardous

Solar panels are not merely composed of glass and aluminum. They contain toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, tin and gallium. If these panels are discarded in the open or handled improperly, these hazardous substances can leach into the soil and contaminate groundwater, posing severe long-term health risks.

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Associal Professor of IP University, Dr Sumit Dookia said, "These guidelines are a vital step toward mitigating environmental hazards. The focus must now shift toward mandatory recycling targets and advancing 'resource extraction' technologies to recover valuable metals from old panels."

New Rules For Storage And Disposal

The CPCB has made it clear that solar waste management can no longer be handled arbitrarily. The new framework includes several strict requirements:

Leak-Proof Infrastructure: Storage facilities must have leak-proof flooring to prevent chemical runoff from seeping into the earth.

Controlled Environment: Waste must be kept in covered, dry and well-ventilated areas.

Damage Prevention: Panels must be stored securely to avoid breakage. Any already damaged or broken units must be kept separately in reinforced containers.

Worker Safety: All personnel handling the waste must be equipped with appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

Emergency Readiness: Storage sites are required to have fire safety systems and clearly marked emergency exits.

Monitoring And Labeling: Monthly inspections of storage sites are mandatory, and all waste sections must feature clear, accurate labeling.


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